Ointment, as the name suggests, is a sticky thing. Ointment is a type of dosage form that is solid, semi-solid, and semi-fluid at room temperature. It consists of two parts: drug and matrix (there are also ones that don't use matrix). Miao Xiyong's "Painting and Burning Dafa" said: "The ointment is made into a thick ointment"; Gong Yunlin's "Shoushibaoyuan": "The ointment is glued"; both reflect the shape of the ointment.
Ointment is an ancient dosage form of Chinese medicine with a long history. As early as in the "Shan Hai Jing", it was recorded that jie mutton fat was used to apply the skin to prevent chapped. It can be said to be the most primitive plaster; in the "Huang Di Nei Jing", it is described "Huang ointment." …Hold the hog paste and eat cold for only three days.... Apply the hog paste, and it will last for six days." "Internal Classics to Really Want to Discuss": "Mozhi, bath, thin, robbery, open, and send , The right thing is the degree." The "mozhi and thin are both the origin of offspring plasters." In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the cream was called "paste square" or "thin". The Tang Dynasty also had the title of "Mo Gao". During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the "decoction" in the Tang Dynasty was renamed "paozi" or "pao" and was included in the category of ointments. In this way, the variety of ointments is more abundant. With the development of history, the use of ointments has gradually expanded, not only for treating external diseases, but also for treating internal diseases. In the "Li Lun Paragraph" by Wu Shiji of the Qing Dynasty, the prescription, application and preparation process of the ointment were specially discussed, and the types of ointment such as white plaster and rosin plaster were created. With the rapid development of transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) research, the application range of topical ointment is also broader.
Ointment has a wide range of effects. Whether it is taken internally or externally, due to its certain consistency, it has the advantages of high content of active ingredients, slow precipitation, long-term and lasting action, and practical local curative effect. Xu Lingtai said: "The plasters used today are called thin plasters. They are used in two ways: one to treat the surface and the other to treat the inside. Those who treat the surface, such as exhaling pus and removing decay, relieving pain and generating muscle and covering wind For meat protection, the ointment should be light and thin, and the ointment should be changed daily. For the treatment of the inside, it can drive the wind and cold, or harmonize the blood, or eliminate the phlegm, or strengthen the muscles and bones. Long posted."
The topical plaster was called thin plaster in ancient times. Tang Li Chuo's "Shangshu Gushi" stated: "Yuyuangong Town Nanhai, the gangrene occurred in the temple, Xiangguoji then took plaster and put it on the sore, and healed it in a few days." The specific preparation method: according to different conditions, choose the corresponding medicine, Soak in vegetable oil, soak for a certain period of time, simmer in the pot, wait until the medicine is dark, remove the residue, and then boil until the dripping water becomes pearls, then add an appropriate amount of lead Dan according to the ratio of the oil (depending on the different season at the time), mix well, and mix well. The pot is off the fire (or first off the fire and then put the Dan). The waiting medicine is as thick as an ointment, cut into large pieces, and put in cold water to remove fire and poison. When ready to use, heat to melt, spread on a cloth or thick paper or thin oiled paper, and stick it to the skin of the affected area. It is clinically useful to treat internal diseases such as joint pain, stiffness, deep muscle soreness, skin numbness, deep abscess, fractures, and tendons. It is used to dispel wind and dampness, promote qi and blood circulation, and renew tendons and bones, such as Wanying ointment and bone-receiving ointment. It can be used to treat superficial diseases, such as body surface carbuncle, furuncle, gangrene, furuncle and other sores. It has the functions of reducing swelling and pain, removing decay and growing muscle, closing the mouth, and protecting the sore. Reconciling and decondensing ointment, flushing ointment, etc.
Plasters have a long history of application in our country. The ancient medical saying goes: "Plasters can cure diseases, no special decoction, and the way it is used will respond." The pros and cons of plasters are fundamental. Plasters are external treatments, which avoid the side effects of internal medicines. In addition, they have a definite effect and are widely welcomed by the masses. Xu Dachun in the Qing Dynasty said: "If the decoction is not enough to cure the disease, apply plasters to block the qi, so that the medicinal properties can flow from the pores into the body. Powerful." The drug in the plaster is directly applied to the acupoints on the body surface, and the drug property penetrates the skin and penetrates into the subcutaneous tissue. On the one hand, it produces a comparative advantage in local drug concentration; on the other hand, it can be penetrated through the meridian. It runs directly to the disease site of visceral disorders, menstrual qi disorder, and exerts the "return to menstruation" and functional effects of the drug, thereby exerting the greatest systemic pharmacological effect. Traditional injection and oral therapies damage nerves, blood vessels, muscles and other tissues and intestinal reactions, making it difficult for patients to accept them. These methods can easily cause drugs to pass through the systemic blood circulation and intestinal damage, and to truly reach the local disease. Very little, so the dosage is very large, and the effect is extremely poor. The external treatment method of plaster completely solves this problem. The drug directly acts on the affected area to increase the efficacy of the drug several times, and it is not easy to produce drug resistance.